Electro-deposition (ED) has proven its benefit as a unique application technology, resulting in several manufacturers installing ED lines in their paint shops. This is mostly due to a distinguishing feature of this technique, namely the throwing power. This feature allows the coating material to enter into recessed areas of difficult products and bake into corrosion-resistant layers. The key aspect of this application approach is its great transfer efficiency (almost 95%). Normally, the initial paint layer is applied by cathodic electro-deposition (CED) in an automotive paint shop. Air- or high-speed rotary atomizer sprays are used to apply the next layers. Compared to ED, the spraying mode of application has a substantially lower transfer efficiency. This means that using ED to apply either of the next layers would be more cost effective than using a spray gun. Of course, there will be some limitations in terms of color modification. In any case, this technology is currently available for purchase.1
Furthermore, surface morphology is important in the fabrication of super hydrophobic surfaces because the micro/nano structure can trap air and prevent water droplets from spreading when they are deposited on a solid surface. Various surface morphologies, such as square pillar structure, convex structure, pyramid structure, inverted trapezoid structure, re-entrant structure, and over-hanging structure, have been created for producing superhydrophobicity. Due to their low surface energy, long chain fatty acids and silane are frequently employed as modified materials, and they can be absorbed onto the substrate surface.2