The end product of an emulsion polymerization is a dispersion of polymer particles in water, otherwise known as the latex. Surfactants are crucial in the production, storage and use of emulsion polymers. They control the particle nucleation stage, and thus affect latex particle size, stabilize monomer pre-emulsions, and prevent particle growth by way of agglomeration. Furthermore, surfactants are essential for controlling the colloidal stability of the dispersion during synthesis, storage, compounding, application and, ultimately, film formation.
The market for surfactants in these processes is of the order of several tens of thousands of tons worldwide. It is highly competitive, with an annual growth rate of around 2%. Through constant pressure in areas such as VOC reduction, polymer suppliers are continuously developing new technologies for use in protective coatings, paper coatings and adhesives, with a particular emphasis on waterborne resins and polymers.